All of the following are methods of avoiding host antibodies EXCEPT
A) antigenic changes.
B) IgA proteases.
C) invasins.
D) membrane-disrupting toxins.
E) inducing endocytosis.
Answer: D) membrane-disrupting toxins.
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Microbiology Chapter 15
- Superantigens produce intense immune responses by stimulating lymphocytes to produce ___.
- Which non-specific defense mechanism is mismatched with its associated body structure or body fluid?
- Lysozyme and the antibiotic penicillin have similar mechanisms of action in that they both cause damage to the bacterial
- Which of the following statements about the classical pathway of complement activation is FALSE?
- Several inherited deficiencies in the complement system occur in humans. Which of the following would be the MOST severe?
- All of the following are components of the inflammatory process EXCEPT
- The lectin pathway for complement action is initiated by
- All of the following occur during inflammation. What is the first step?
- All of the following are iron-binding proteins found in humans EXCEPT
- All of the following pertain to fever EXCEPT that it
- Macrophages arise from which of the following?
- Which of the following is involved in resistance to parasitic helminths?
- All of the following are true regarding NK cells EXCEPT
- Activation of C5C9 results in
- After ingesting a pathogen, lysosomal enzymes produce all of the following EXCEPT
- Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT
- Neutrophils with defective lysosomes are unable to
- Activation of C3a results in
- The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by
- The alternative pathway for complement activation is initiated by
- All of the following are part of the mechanism of action of alpha and beta interferons EXCEPT
- Which of the following is mismatched?
- Which of the following statements is TRUE?
- A chill is a sign that
- All of the following are effects of histamine EXCEPT
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