Which of the following represents the use of osmotic pressure as a microbial control method?

Which of the following represents the use of osmotic pressure as a microbial control method?

A. bleaching a kitchen counter
B. salting meat
C. rinsing a cut with Betadine
D. Both bleaching a kitchen counter and rinsing a cut with Betadine are correct.

Answer: B

Antimicrobial agents can target the cell wall by

Antimicrobial agents can target the cell wall by

A. blocking its synthesis.
B. digesting it.
C. inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis.
D. All of the choices are correct.

Answer: D

In lab, inoculating loops are sterilized using

In lab, inoculating loops are sterilized using

A. moist heat.
B. chemicals.
C. incineration.
D. filtration.
E. ethylene oxide.

Answer: C

Which of the following acids is not used to destroy or inhibit microbial cells in food?

Which of the following acids is not used to destroy or inhibit microbial cells in food?

A. acetic acid
B. benzoic acid
C. lactic acid
D. phosphoric acid
E. propionic acid

Answer: D

Ethylene oxide is

Ethylene oxide is

A. sporicidal.
B. only effective with high heat.
C. the active agent in household bleach.
D. used as an antiseptic against anaerobes.
E. a halogen.

Answer: A

Which of the following is not used as an antiseptic?

Which of the following is not used as an antiseptic?

A. iodophor
B. chlorhexidine
C. 3% hydrogen peroxide
D. betadine (povidone-iodine)
E. glutaraldehyde

Answer: E

Heavy metals work by

Heavy metals work by

A. rupturing the cell membrane.
B. inactivating proteins.
C. binding to DNA.
D. dissolving the cell wall.
E. mutating DNA.

Answer: B

All of the following disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane except

All of the following disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane except

A. detergents.
B. quaternary ammonium compounds.
C. high concentration phenols.
D. iodine.

Answer: D

Hydrogen peroxide can be

Hydrogen peroxide can be

A. sporicidal.
B. fungicidal.
C. bactericidal.
D. virucidal.
E. All of the choices are correct.

Answer: E

The chemical agent that produces highly toxic and reactive free radicals is

The chemical agent that produces highly toxic and reactive free radicals is

A. cidex.
B. cationic detergents.
C. hydrogen peroxide.
D. chlorhexidine.
E. iodophors.

Answer: C

Alcohols

Alcohols

A. dissolve membrane lipids at concentrations of greater than 50%.
B. can be used for disinfection or antisepsis.
C. are skin degerming agents.
D. are limited in effectiveness due to rapid evaporation.
E. All of the choices are correct.

Answer: E

The compound that is an organic base containing chlorine and two phenolic rings, and is used increasingly for mucous membrane irrigation, obstetrical washes, hand scrubbing, and prepping surgical skin sites is

The compound that is an organic base containing chlorine and two phenolic rings, and is used increasingly for mucous membrane irrigation, obstetrical washes, hand scrubbing, and prepping surgical skin sites is

A. carbolic acid.
B. chlorhexidine.
C. triclosan.
D. formalin.
E. quaternary ammonium compounds.

Answer: B

____ is a halogen used in gaseous and liquid form for large-scale disinfection of drinking water and sewage.

____ is a halogen used in gaseous and liquid form for large-scale disinfection of drinking water and sewage.

A. Iodine
B. Chlorine
C. Bromine
D. Fluorine
E. All of the choices are correct.

Answer: B

All of the following pertain to hypochlorites except

All of the following pertain to hypochlorites except

A. release hypochlorous acid in solution.
B. cause denaturation of enzymes.
C. found in iodophors.
D. used to disinfect water, restaurant, and medical equipment.
E. found in common household bleach.

Answer: C

Which of the following is not a factor that affects germicidal activity?

Which of the following is not a factor that affects germicidal activity?

A. the material being treated
B. the length of exposure
C. the strength of the germicide
D. the microorganism being treated
E. All of these are factors.

Answer: E

_____ is a control method that removes microorganisms rather than inhibiting or killing them.

_____ is a control method that removes microorganisms rather than inhibiting or killing them.

A. Boiling
B. Sterilization
C. Radiation
D. Filtration
E. Disinfection

Answer: D

Filtration can result in sterilization of serum and blood products

Filtration can result in sterilization of serum and blood products

A. by removing viruses.
B. by relying on gravity.
C. by removing toxins.
D. using high heat and filtration.
E. All of the choices are correct.

Answer: A

HEPA filters are used to remove microbes from

HEPA filters are used to remove microbes from

A. air.
B. liquids.
C. human tissues.
D. medical instruments.
E. All of the choices are correct.

Answer: A

Which of the following forms of radiation is in order from the most penetrating to the least penetrating?

Which of the following forms of radiation is in order from the most penetrating to the least penetrating?

A. gamma, cathode, X rays
B. gamma, X rays, cathode
C. cathode, gamma, X ray
D. cathode, X ray, gamma
E. X ray, gamma, cathode

Answer: B

Which control method would not be a suitable choice for killing Mycobacterium in a capped culture tube?

Which control method would not be a suitable choice for killing Mycobacterium in a capped culture tube?

A. ultraviolet (germicidal) light
B. gamma rays
C. 121C at 15 psi for 15 minutes
D. 160C for 2 hours
E. All of the choices are correct.

Answer: A